Progress in Orthodontics
Volume 12, Issue 2 , Pages 107-113, November 2011

Mesial rotation of upper first molars in Class II division 1 malocclusion in the mixed dentition: a controlled blind study

  • Veronica Giuntini

      Affiliations

    • DDS, PhD, Research Associate, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Florence, Italy
  • ,
  • Tiziano Baccetti

      Affiliations

    • DDS, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Florence, Italy; Thomas M. Graber Visiting Scholar, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Sezione Odontostomatologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via del Ponte di Mezzo 46/48 - 50127 Firenze Italy.
  • ,
  • Efisio Defraia

      Affiliations

    • MD, DMD, Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Florence, Italy
  • ,
  • Paola Cozza

      Affiliations

    • MD, DMD, MS, Professor, Head, Department of Orthodontics, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
  • ,
  • Lorenzo Franchi

      Affiliations

    • MD, DMD, Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Florence, Italy

Received 12 November 2010; accepted 23 December 2010. published online 10 March 2011.

Abstract 

Objective

To compare the amount of upper molar rotation in subjects with Class II Division 1 malocclusion and subjects with normal occlusion in the intermediate and late mixed dentition phases.

Materials and methods

Dental cast measurements were performed in a sample of 120 Class II Division 1 subjects (CL2 group, 67 females and 53 males, mean age 9.4±1.1years), and in a sample of 58 Class I subjects (CL1 group, 34 females and 24 males, mean age 9.7±1.2years). Independent sample t tests were used for statistical comparisons (P<.05).

Results

The amount of upper molar rotation was significantly greater in CL2 group when compared with CL1 group as assessed by both the mesial and buccal molar cusp angles. No differences were found with regard to upper or lower arch depths, or upper intercanine width. CL2 group showed a significant deficiency in upper intermolar width along with a significant posterior transverse interarch discrepancy when compared with CL1 group.

Conclusions

Subjects with Class II malocclusion in the mixed dentition present with mesial upper molar rotation in about 84% of the cases. The correction of molar rotation may provide between 1 and 2mm of gain in arch perimeter and of improvement in molar relationships per side in 5 out 6 Class II patients.

Riassunto 

Obiettivo

Confrontare l’entità della rotazione dei primi molari superiori in soggetti con malocclusione di II Classe divisione 1 rispetto a soggetti con occlusione normale in fase di dentatura mista intermedia o tardiva.

Materiali e metodi

Sono state effettuate misurazioni su modelli in gesso di un campione di 120 soggetti con malocclusione di II Classe divisione 1 (gruppo CL2, 67 femmine e 53 maschi, età media 9.4±1.1 anni), e di un gruppo controllo di 58 soggetti in I Classe (gruppo CL1, 34 femmine e 24 maschi, età media 9.7±1.2 anni). Per il confronto statistico sono stati utilizzati t tests per campioni indipendenti (P<.05).

Risultati

La quantità di rotazione del molare superiore era significativamente maggiore nel gruppo CL2 confrontato con il gruppo CL1 dopo aver valutato gli angoli delle cuspidi mesiali e vestibolari dei molari. Non sono state riscontrate differenze significative per quanto riguarda la profondità di arcata superiore o inferiore, o l’ampiezza intercanina superiore. Il gruppo CL2ha mostrato, rispetto al gruppo CL1, un deficit significativo dell’ampiezza intermolare superiore e una significativa discrepanza trasversale posteriore.

Conclusioni

I soggetti con malocclusione di II Classe in dentatura mista presentano nell’84% dei casi una rotazione mesiale del molare superiore. La correzione della rotazione molare può comportare un guadagno di 1-2mm per lato nel perimetro di arcata e un miglioramento del rapporto molare in 5 pazienti su 6 con malocclusione di II Classe.

Résumé 

Objectif

Comparer l’envergure de la rotation de la molaire supérieure chez des sujets avec malocclusion de Classe II, Division I et chez des sujets dont l’occlusion est normale, dans les phases de denture mixte tardive et intermédiaire.

Matériels et méthodes

Des mesures de moulage ont été effectuées chez un échantillon de 120 sujets Classe II, Division I (groupe CL2, 67 filles et 53 garçons, âge moyen±1.2ans). Des tests t d’un échantillon indépendant ont été utilisés à des fins statistiques (P<.05).

Résultats

La rotation de la molaire supérieure s’est avérée être nettement accrue chez le groupe de Classe II par rapport au groupe de Classe, I comme il se dégage aussi bien des angles cuspidiens molaires mésiaux et buccaux. Aucune différence n’a été identifiée pour les profondeurs d’arcade au plan supérieur ou inférieur ou pour la largeur intercanine supérieure. Le groupe de Classe II a bien montré une déficience notable pour ce qui est de la largeur intermolaire supérieure et un PTID (posterior transverse interarch discrepancy) considérable par rapport au groupe de Classe I.

Conclusions

Les sujets avec malocclusion de Classe II dans la denture mixte font état d’une rotation de la molaire supérieure dans 84% des cas environ. La correction de la rotation de la molaire est susceptible de fournir 1 à 2mm de gain dans le périmètre d’arcade et une amélioration dans la relation de la molaire par côté chez 5 sur 6 patients de Classe II.

Resumen 

Objectivos

Comparar la rotación del molar superior en sujetos con mala occlusion de Clase II, División I y en sujetos cuya oclusión es normal en las fases de dentición mixta tardía e intermedia.

Materiales y métodos

Las mediciones de los modelos se realizaron en una muestra integrada por 120 sujetos de Clase II, División I (grupo CL2, 34 mujeres y 53 varones, edad media 9.4±1.2 años). Se utilizaron ensayos t procedentes de una muestra independiente para fines estadísticos (P<.05).

Resultados

La rotación del molar superior resulta netamente más marcada en el grupo CL2 sobre el grupo CL1, como se desprende de los ángulos cuspidianos molares mesiales y bucales. No se encontraron diferencias con respecto a las profundidades de arcada superior e inferior, o de anchura intercanina superior. En el grupo de Clase 2 aflora una laguna sensible en el ancho intermolar superior conjuntamente con PTID (posterior transverse interarch discrepancy) relevante con respecto al grupo de Clase 1.

Conclusiones

Los sujetos con mala oclusión de Clase II, dentición mixta, evidencian rotación del molar superior mesial en el 84% de los casos. La corrección de la rotación del molar puede proporcionar entre 1 y 2mm de ganancia en el perímetro de arcada y una mejoría en la relación del molar por lado en 5 de cada 6 pacientes de Clase II.

Keywords: Class II malocclusion, Dental casts, Molar rotation, Transverse discrepancy

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PII: S1723-7785(11)00003-4

doi:10.1016/j.pio.2010.12.001

Progress in Orthodontics
Volume 12, Issue 2 , Pages 107-113, November 2011